Despite signs of improvement in 2011 and 2012, Myanmar’s human rights record remains exceptionally poor. As a consequence, high levels of human rights due diligence will remain imperative for foreign investors seeking to capitalise on emerging business opportunities. As shown in our map – which incorporates information on violations of both civil and political rights and labour rights – violations are most common in Shan, Yangon and Bago states. Rakhine also shows a higher risk of human rights violations than many other regions, which may be due to widespread discrimination against its large ethnic minority population, the Rohingyas. Ineligible for citizenship, stateless Rohingya have limited access to public services such as healthcare, education and employment. Tensions between Buddhists and Muslim Rohingyas escalated again in October and November 2012, killing at least 89 people and displacing 32,000, in the second wave of communal unrest this year. The civilian government’s failure to improve the human security situation in Rakhine state, and allegations that it is in fact exacerbating ethnic tensions by taking sides, underlines the continued complicity and security risks for business.